Gender Roles Essay

â€Å"We’ve begun to raise daughters more like sons†¦but few have the courage to raise our sons more like our daughters,† (Gloria Steinem, American feminist). Gender roles refer to the set of social and behavioral norms that are considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture (Wikipedia). Gender roles are expectations of how an individual should act, dress, talk, walk, etc. based on their sex, which is biological. Gender roles shape the pressures and expectations society places on male and female individuals. For instance in the old American culture men had to be the main source of income in the family, while women were expected to stay home take care of the children and do the domestic housework. In the short story â€Å"Girl† Jamacia Kincaid illustrates the feminine roles her mother taught her growing up and the expectations she needs to meet as a women, a wife, and a mother. In contrast with Kin caid, Michael Kimmel’s essay â€Å"Bros before Hos: The Guy Code† explores the code of masculinity that young men are expected to follow. Traditional gender roles influence many individuals in a positive or negative aspect as they grow and either resist or give in to the expectations within society. Growing up as little girl, my mother would always teach me the social expectations of the feminine roles associated with our tradition. I would always be playing with dolls, dressing in skirts, putting bows in my hair, pretending to be a princess and acting like Dorothy from the Wizard of Oz always clicking my sparkly red shoes. However, the pressures and expectations of the gender roles associated to your sex are more profound as you grow into an adult. As I grew into a young woman the expectations I had and still to this day have to meet are much more demanding and expected. Kincaid states, â€Å"This is how you set a table for dinner; this is how you set a table for dinner with an important guest; this is how you set a table for lunch; this is how to behave in the presence of men who don’t know you very well†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (385). Kincaid explains some of the feminine demands and expectations  her mother would teach her growing up. Similar to Kincaid experience, my mother would also establish the feminine roles and demands that I needed to accept and fulfill from the expectations that have been set forth from generations of women. However, the expectations I needed to meet to fulfill the duties as a wife and mother conflicted with my expectations of not wanting to be a wife or mother at all, but to establish and purse a stable career for myself. The view of femininity in the culture I was raised with compared to old American culture of the 50’s and 60’s. Women were seen as objects, accessories. Femininity was viewed as being fragile and weak, as well as having a â€Å"natural† mother like instinct. Women in my culture are defined as being dependent on a man, stay home do the groceries shopping, clean the kitchen, prepare breakfast, lunch, and dinner, iron their husbands shirt and pants, â€Å"wash every day, even if it’s with their own spit† (Kincaid 385), keep the household in order, and be the perfect wife, mother, and women or at least pretend to be. However, these traditional views of what feminine roles are defined as conflict with the mainstream American culture of today’s feminine expectations. Women in today’s culture are defined as either the main source of income or contribute the equal amount of income with their spouse. Women are seen as independent and many women have established stable careers. In â€Å"Bros before Hos† Kimmel asked a female college student what it means to be a women she stated, â€Å"’Nobody can tell me what it means to be a women anymore’† (462). In modern American society being a woman has no concrete formulated expectation or role that she is expected to fulfill. Although in today’s modern American society views women differently as they once did, my culture still views women in a more traditional aspect. These conflicts or being independent or dependent, pursuing a career or being a domestic house wife and mother affect both expectations I have to meet with my family culture and the culture I was born into. Being one of the youngest girl in my family I would observe my cousins and see them being pressure of the roles and expectations that where concretely defined in my cultures view of femininity. Their decisions of following the domestic housewife role  affected me to resist these pressures, while they did not and gave me the courage to fulfill my and modern American society’s expectations of what being a woman is and not just stay at home and spend all my husbands’ money because I have nothing better to do. Gender roles have always been a social issue that shape the way we think of others. These roles perceive women as fragile and weak, while men are seen as aggressive and show little to no emotion. Gender roles can vary from one culture to another and have different expectations associated with masculine and feminine roles individuals have to obtain. Gender expectation such as women have to stay home and do the domestic housework, while men are the source of the primary income can either conflict or reinstate the expectations of you. These roles can affect an individual either in a positive or negative ways, whether or not they want to override the social norm of what society says is acceptable or give into the pressure of the roles society established for each gender. The gender roles one’s culture establishes or society establishes becomes more overwhelming as we grow older, enforcing these expectations further. Also, your culture’s view of masculinity or femininity may conflict with mainstream American culture and a rise conflicts for an individual. It’s up to them whether they want to endure the pressures or resist the pressures of traditional gender roles or modern American gender roles. Word Count: 1,025 Reference Page Kincaid, Jamaica. Girl. Boston, Mass.: Bedford/St. Martin’s, (2013): 384-386. Print Kimmel, Michael. Bros before Hoes: The Guy Code. Boston, Mass.: Bedford/St. Martin’s, (2013): 461-471. Print.

Organisational Development Strategy

Introduction Change is a constant thing and this transpires within world in many ways. As the world becomes more complicated and increasingly intertwined, changes ostensibly far away affect us. Thus, change may sometimes appear to occur frequently and arbitrarily. We are gradually becoming cognizant of how connected we are to one another and to our world. Organizations must withal be cognizant of their holistic nature and of the ways their members affect one another.The incredible amount of change has coerced individuals and organizations to visually perceive â€Å"the immensely colossal picture† and to be cognizant of how events affect them and vice versa. Organization development is a new term which means a conceptual, organization-wide effort to increment an organization's efficacy and viability. Warren Bennis has referred to OD as a replication to transmute, an intricate educational strategy intended to transmute the notions, attitudes, values, and structure of an organiza tion so that it can better habituate to new technologies, markets, challenges, and the dizzying rate of change itself.OD is neither â€Å"anything done to better an organization† nor is it â€Å"the training function of the organization†; it is a particular kind of change process designed to establish a particular kind of end result. OD can involve interventions in the organization's â€Å"processes,† utilizing behavioural science knowledge organizational reflection, system amelioration, orchestrating and self-analysis. International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), incorporated on June 16, 1911, is an information technology (IT) company.IBM operates in five segments: Global Technology Services (GTS), Global Business Services (GBS), Software, Systems and Technology and Global Financing. GTS primarily provides IT infrastructure services and business process services. GBS provides professional services and application management services. Software consists pri marily of middleware and operating systems software. Systems and Technology provides clients with business solutions requiring advanced computing power and storage capabilities. Global Financing invests in financing assets, leverages with debt and manages the associated risks.In May 2012, the Company acquired Varicent Software Incorporated. In May 2012, the Company acquired Vivisimo. In June 2012, the Company acquired Tealeaf Technology, Inc. On August 1, 2012, Toshiba Tec Corporation acquired the retail store solution business from IBM. In September 2012, it acquired Butterfly Software Ltd. In October 2012, it acquired Texas Memory Systems. In October 2012, the Company announced the opening of three new branch offices in ASEAN, which are located in the cities of Ipoh and Malacca in Malaysia and Bandung in Indonesia, and announced the opening of three new branches across Brazil.In December 2012, the Company acquired Kenexa. In February 2013, it completed the acquisition of StoredIQ. In April 2011, the Company acquired TRIRIGA, Inc. In October 2011, the Company acquired i2. In October 2011, the Company acquired Algorithmics. In October 2011, it acquired Q1 Labs Inc. In November 2011, the Company opened in Romania its European site for developing and testing IBM switch and networking hardware and software. In December 2011, the Company completed the acquisition of Curam Software Ltd. In January 9, 2012, the Company acquired Platform Computing. In January 11, 2012, the Company acquired Green Hat.In February 1, 2012, the Company acquired Emptoris Inc. In February 15, 2012, the Company acquired DemandTec Inc. In February 10, 2012, the Company completed the acquisition of Worklight. In March 2012, the Company opened a new branch office in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. (http://www. reuters. com/finance/stocks/companyProfile? symbol=IBM) In 1992-1993, IBM began to lose money and struggled to meet payroll for the over 300,000 employees because of the changing market landsca pe. Louis Gerstner, the recently appointed CEO, saved the company by changing IBM’s culture and business model.As we know now one of IBM’s core businesses is consulting, which had not been a key component of the legacy model. It seemed like IBM was facing a similar, if perhaps more dire, situation to Merrill Lynch in the mid 2000’s. (http://professorjickblog. com/post/4194417315/organizational-change-at-ibm) IBM helped pioneer information technology over the years and it stands today at the forefront of a worldwide industry that is revolutionizing the way in which enterprises, organizations and people operate and thrive. The pace of change in that industry, of course, is accelerating, and its scope and impact are widening.In these pages, you can trace that change from the earliest antecedents of IBM, to the most recent developments. You can scan the entire IBM continuum from the 19th century to the 21st or pinpoint — year-by year or decade-by-decade †” the key events that have led to the IBM of today. (http://www-03. ibm. com/ibm/history/history/history_intro. html) IBM has been in the industry for a hundred years already but this paper will focus on the organizational changes and developments with the company for the past 20 years. Brief HistoryIn 1911 IBM was first incorporated in New York as the Computing-Tabulating-Recoding Company. The company’s history, however, can be traced back to 1890, when the United States was receiving waves of immigrants. To meet the needs of measuring population the US Census Bureau sponsored a contest to find the most efficient means of tabulating census data. The contest was won by German immigrant and Census Bureau statistician, Herman Hollerith. Hollerith formed the Punch Card Tabulating Machine Co. in 1896. In 1911 Hollerith’s company merged with Computing Scale Co. f America and International Time Recording Co. to form Computing-Tabulating-Recording Co. The company manufactur ed and sold products ranging from commercial scales and industrial time recorder to meat and cheese slicers, tabulators and punch cards. In the beginning the company operated in New York City only. Within a short period of time, however, it quickly expanded its office and plants to other parts of New York State, Washington, DC, Ohio, Michigan and Toronto, Canada. In 1914 Thomas J. Watson joined the company and became the president of the company within eleven months.Under his leadership the company continued to expand its products and services. At that time the company focused on producing large scales custom built tabulating solutions for businesses. Within ten years Watson had expanded the company’s business operations to Europe, South America, Asia and Australia and in 1924 the company was renamed International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) to reflect the firm’s worldwide expansion IBM refers to the decades between 1939 and 1963 as the ‘Era of Innovation ’. During this period the company’s product line expanded ignificantly. In 1891 IBM introduced personal computers (PCs) for small businesses, schools and homes. For first time, IBM collaborated with Intel and Microsoft to produce personal computers. In 1985 IBM introduced local area networks (LAN), which permitted PC users to exchange information and share printers and files within a building or complex. IBM established a foundation for network computing and numerous applications of PCs. In 1993 Louis V. Gerstner, Jr, a former executive at American Express, Nabisco and McKinsey & Co. joined IBM as CEO. Gerstner emphasized the need to provide integrated solutions for the company’s customers. He also decided to keep company, together instead of splitting it into separate independent companies. Today IBM’s strength lies in its combined expertise in solutions, services, products and technologies. http://historyofbusiness. blogspot. com/2009/04/brief-history-o f-ibm. html How IBM does their Organizational Development IBM has launched one of its companies fixating on business strategies and development.So therefore, they will be one of the good companies that we can optically canvass and study how they remain successful over the years. IBM Global Business Services offers one of the largest strategy & transmute practices in the world, their strategy & transmute practice amalgamates business strategy with technology insight to help organizations develop, align and implement their business vision across four strategic dimensions – business strategy, operating strategy, organization change strategy and technology strategy – to drive innovation and magnification.This is withal one of the reasons why IBM is capable of transmuting quickly and successfully. Instead of going with the latest trends, they mold, develop and lead them. By combining the proven talent with the deep research, scale and scope of IBM, they have built a unique approach to industry solution development. This approach allows them to address the opportunities that matter most and deliver business outcomes with faster time-to-value.The IBM strategy and transformation practice helps expand the horizon possibilities while implementing with rigor. Its three areas of competence are aligned to drive opportunity and execute across the value chain. The insight provided by innovation and growth services allows setting an overall direction for the organization by developing sustainable business, customer and technology strategies. Their capabilities within the operations and finance area help optimize how the organization functions to drive higher performance.And finally, with organization and people expertise, they can develop and lead the talented individuals who create value and competitive advantage. With over 100 years of business and technology experience, IBM has demonstrated its ability to drive performance through continuous transformation of their business model, operations, technology and workforce. Their strategy and transformation practice draws upon these experiences as well as extensive IBM assets and best practices.With consultants in over 170 countries and deep expertise in 17 industries, IBM has proven the effectiveness and value of its approach. IBM thought leadership and research – acknowledged by analysts as among the best in the industry – are based on market-driven intelligence, in-depth interviews, and our own transformation story. IBM has a long track record of success in helping companies chart a course for business transformation.This commences with strategic orchestrating that can envision a broad range of future scenarios. Their consultants fixate on results, through the development of business models and executable strategies that foster innovation, sustainable magnification and profitability. They help companies and organizations build on key strategic drivers such as new product and accommodation offerings, dynamic market opportunities, new channels and greater customer insight to create greater competitiveness.Our team of strategists provides a clear roadmap for differentiation predicated on business model innovation, implemented through efficient processes and operations. Definitely by doing this, they have also implemented these strategies within their organization and have proven to have good results. (ftp://public. dhe. ibm. com/common/ssi/ecm/en/gbb03089usen/GBB03089USEN. PDF) The processes and strategies that they have developed and proved over the years are also the factors why their organization is very stable.According to their website, below are some of the services that they offer and most likely apply within their organization as well. IBM's Organization and Workforce Transformation offering assists clients with two transformational imperatives: firstly, it enables them to transform their workforce into the productive, innovative and high-performan ce force necessary to survive and thrive; secondly it manages the people elements in any transformation being undertaken (process optimization, business model transformation, etc. Our services include: * Learning transformation: Addresses the need to inspire and equip people in business to improve performance, skills and knowledge for the following results: aligning learning initiatives with organizational and business goals, developing learning strategies, and harnessing the power of technology to enhance learning and performance. Talent management: Design strategies and solutions to align talent management with business priorities, covering talent sourcing, performance, succession management and rewards and recognition. This solution includes process design, systems implementation, change management and talent analytics. * Social business: Drive innovation and growth by connecting people to people, people to data and information, and people to personal and institutional knowledge inside an organization and across the larger organizational ecosystem. Workforce analytics and optimization: This offering leverages analytics to design evidence-based strategies and practices for optimizing workforce performance and productivity to develop information strategies, and a workforce measurement framework, which can help identify key metrics and align with employee goals. Organization design: Organization design enables enterprises to align their organization with new or existing business models and strategies to maximize effectiveness by clarifying work responsibilities and redefining jobs and their relationships to one another (structure), governance mechanisms, and other organizational elements to drive new behavior supporting strategic change and business results. * Change management: Change management is a roactive and systematic approach to deal with change from the perspective of an organization, a group, or at the individual level. Change management helps ensure that people impacted by the changes (technology) understand, accept and commit to changes; thereby mitigating risks and achieving long term benefits faster. (http://www-935. ibm. com/services/us/gbs/strategy/talent-and-workforce-management. html) During the course of the changes that took place in their organization, there were challenges encountered.Based on the researches conducted, below are the most significant challenges that took place when implementing their change projects. 1. Changing mindsets and attitudes 2. Corporate culture 3. Complexity is underestimated 4. Shortage of resources 5. Lack of commitment of higher management 6. Lack of change know how 7. Lack of transparency because of missing or 8. wrong information 9. Lack of motivation of involved employees 10. Change of process 11. Change of IT systems 12. Technology barriersAnd based on the challenges mentioned above, they were able to come up with factors that contributed to the successful change. It is normal to ha ve resistance to different types of change especially having a big organization like IBM. Below are some factors that contributed to the effectiveness of the different changes in their organization: 1. Top management sponsorship 2. Employee involvement 3. Honest and timely communication 4. Corporate culture that motivates and promotes change 5. Change agents (pioneers of change) 6. Change supported by culture . Efficient training programs 8. Adjustment of performance measures 9. Efficient organization structure 10. Monetary and non-monetary incentives ftp://public. dhe. ibm. com/common/ssi/ecm/en/gbe03100usen/GBE03100USEN. PDF The most fruitful success strategy is to begin with leadership tools, including a vision or story of the future, put the change in place with management tools, such as role definitions, measurement and control systems, and use the pure power tools of coercion and punishments as a last resort, when all else fails.The purpose of business strategy is to exploit t he capabilities of the company to gain and sustain competitive advantage in accommodating the desiderata of customers in a chosen rialto. An effective business strategy will provide good answers to questions on business scope, customers’ needs, how the enterprise will exploit its advantages, and on how competitive advantage will be achieved. It will withal describe the main actions compulsory to implement the strategy and the reasons why the vicissitudes are compulsory.Summary All in all the reason for IBM Global Business Services’ success is because they have methods and strategies that have been tried and tested over the years that they have been in this industry. Also one of the factors for success is having open minded members of the organization who are always open and welcome to change. Somehow, the company also has its own ways to make the employees and members of the organization understand and help them to adapt through the course of these changes.Resistance t o change is normal but with proper guidance and support from the whole management team, members of the organization will feel at ease and motivated, hence, will embrace the change. Today, businesses must bring more innovative products and accommodations to market, more quickly than ever before. IBM makes utilization of best practices to help companies become more rigorous in their approach to development and lifecycle issues – not only to ameliorate speed and cost, but withal to enable the perpetual amelioration of products

The Character of Hedda Gabler in Ibsens Hedda Gabler Essay

The Character of Hedda Gabler Hedda Gabler is perhaps one of the most interesting characters in Ibsen. She has been the object of psychological analysis since her creation. She is an interesting case indeed, for to explain Hedda one must rely on the hints Ibsen gives us from her past and the lines of dialogue that reveal the type of person she is. The reader never views Hedda directly. We never get a soliloquy in which she bares her heart and motives to the audience. Hedda is as indifferent to our analysis as she is to Tesmans excitement over his slippers when she says I really dont care about it (Ibsen 8). But a good psychologist knows that even this indifference is telling. Underneath the ennui and indifference†¦show more content†¦Hedda is the product of aristocratic birth. She is, as I mentioned earlier, the daughter of General Gabler, whose portrait hangs over this play not unlike the portrait of the absent father in Williams The Glass Menagerie. And in case we have missed the significance of the portrait in the stage directions or have overlooked it as an audience member, Miss Tesman rivets our attention to it and the reality of Heddas aristocratic life: Well, you cants wonder at that--General Gablers daughter! Think of the sort of life she was accustomed to in her fathers time. Dont you remember how we used to see her riding down the road along with the General? In that long black habit--with feathers in her hat? (Ibsen 2). Her aristocratic birth and her past is contrasted by her choice of a husband who has neither noble blood nor bourgeois money. We are told that this motherless child of an aristocratic general often gave in to fits of cruelty as a child: At the finishing school the presence of a girl with a head of abundant, wavy flaxen hair irritated her and provoked her to outbursts of cruelty which had their source in equal measure, perhaps, in envy and in a deep-seated temperamental antipathy; for dearth of abundance, physically and temperamentally, i s a characteristic of Heddas nature (Weigland 246-247).Show MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis of Hedda in Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler introduces its audience to a paradoxical protagonist, Hedda Tesman. Ibsen’s delineation of Hedda presents her as a petty and frivolous woman whose sole motivation is to seek her own amusement with no regard to those around her. If some tragedy had befallen Hedda in her formative years and thus shaped her into the cold, callous woman she would become, Ibsen purposely omits this from this play: whatever judgment the audience might make of Hedda as a character must deriveRead MoreHow Does Henrik Ibsen’s Use of the Huldre in Hedda Gabler Influence the Characters of the Story?1707 Words   |  7 PagesHow Does Henrik Ibsen’s Use of the Huldre in Hedda Gabler Influence the Characters of the Story? How Does Henrik Ibsen’s Use of the Huldre in Hedda Gabler Influence the Characters of the Story? The gender roles of women in the Victorian age differ from today’s standards; nonetheless, they are still somewhat upheld. Female roles in Victorian society included being the wife, the mother, the household manager and the societal missionary. Some aspects of social-self versus essential-self comeRead MoreThe Praised and Recognized Theater Work of Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler versus Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest1104 Words   |  5 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler and Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest are both regarded as their best work getting praise and recognition for their contribution to the literary world. Due to Ibsen’s extensively complex main character Hedda Tesman, she is regarded to be one of the â€Å"most difficult roles in theatre† (T.Ross). The Importance of Being Earnest is Oscar Wilde’s most recognized piece which would also be his last play before being sent to jail convicted of homosexual acts. PropsRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House899 Words   |  4 Pagesresult of the controversy it caused at the time. Written towards the latter half of Ibsen’s career, Hedda Gabler also presents a strong female character that questions that boundaries society has confined women to in that era. 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Gun Control And The Rights Of A Free State - 1195 Words

Cameron Rose Mrs. Rose P.5 Gun Control, Research Paper 25 February 2016 â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed† (Bill of Rights, 1791). As said by our founding fathers, over two centuries ago, the right to own guns will not be taken away. However recently, there has been a push for a ban on guns, due to the increase in school shootings, homicides, and suicides over the years. Because of this incorrect use of firearms, quite a few people believe guns are just too dangerous for us to control. Although many believe gun control is a necessary safety precaution, I believe a ban on guns would increase crime rates, prevent protection of one s self, and go against the basic American citizens’ right. Gun control is a set of laws that control how guns are sold, used, and who can use them. Since the 1700s guns have had a huge impact on the American culture. They are constantly in the media, our daily lives, and even in our history books. According to the United States constitution, â€Å"the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.† In 2007, it was estimated that there are, globally, about 875 million small arms distributed among civilians, law enforcement, and armed forces. Of these firearms, 650 million, or 75%, are held by civilians. U.S. Civilians count for 270 million of this total (Wikipedia). The argument for and against gun control is a heated debateShow MoreRelatedGun Control And The Rights Of A Free State1149 Words   |  5 PagesGun Control Multiple news outlets reported the same number over and over. 74. This is the general estimated number of mass school shootings that have occurred since the massacre at Newton’s Sandyhook Elementary School on December 14, 2012. The Newton massacre once again had a nation grieving for loss of innocent lives in such tragic ways and once again the issue of gun control went to the front of the nation’s agenda. American history shows a fascination with gunfighters and the Old West mentalityRead MoreGun Control And The Rights Of A Free State1632 Words   |  7 Pages A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. (The Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution). As Americans we are afforded certain rights that are upheld by the United States constitution, and many citizens believe these rights to be part of our nation’s heritage, or the â€Å"birthright† as Americans. Conversely there are those which are opposed to some of these â€Å"birthrights† which were added toRead MoreGun Control And The Rights Of A Free State1462 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed,† many will recognize this as the 2nd second, however, few will know the tr ue purpose for why it was written. The intent of the amendment was to allow the general populace to own personal firearms without restriction, so that, in the case of a government takeover or attack on their well being, they would be able to defend themselves. Regrettably, this hasRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1210 Words   |  5 Pagesnot be involved in gun control. The second amendment to the United state s constitution says A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. 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This only creates extra problems with law-abiding citizens obtaining a firearm and infringingRead MoreGun Control : Argumentative Essay Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pages100 3 November, 2014 Gun Control: Argumentative Essay The gun control debate is a good example that justifies the common known mantra that history will always repeat itself. Gun control is a regulation put forward with an aim of managing the purchase and ownership of firearms with the main aim being to reduce the criminal and unsafe use of firearms. The gun control measures involve strategies such as registration of firearms aimed at restricting the ownership of guns by people proved to beRead MoreDefining New Gun Laws Are Not The Answer996 Words   |  4 Pagesis prompting leaders and politicians around the country to call for further gun control to answer this current epidemic. Creating new gun laws are not the answer. This only creates extra problems with law-abiding citizens obtaining a firearm and infringing on their second amendment right of the United States Constitution, which states: â€Å"a well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† The second amendmentRead MoreThe Problem Of Gun Violence1678 Words   |  7 Pagesthink. The media is trying to push gun control on anyone that will tune in or read it. The media will all say the same thing, and the problem is gun violence. What if one removes the word gun from gun violence, that still leaves violence. Before one can decide which side to support, the information should be completely researched for important, specific information about how America will be affected, and what the cost are for the people protecting their rights. In 1776, Americans feared excessiveRead MoreGun Control Is The Government Regulation Of The Sale And Ownership Of Firearms1660 Words   |  7 Pages3 DC Gun Control Gun control is the â€Å"government regulation of the sale and ownership of firearms.† (Dictionary.com). In D.C., handguns, rifles, shotguns, and revolvers may be registered. Sawed-off shotguns, machine guns, short barreled rifles, unsafe handguns, assault weapons, and .50 caliber rifles are all prohibited in D.C., meaning that there is no possible way to own them. (DC.gov, 2014). A single person may only register one handgun every 30 days unless the gun was owned in another state. CommonlyRead MoreGun Control And The United States889 Words   |  4 PagesGun control is a big thing in the world today. Many Americans want it but also many don’t. There are both good reasoning’s and there are bad reasoning’s. Gun control is for our own safety but can also take our safe feelings away by knowing we won’t have a gun in hand to protect us in a real time of need. The second Amendment is commonly used when trying to set up the restrictions and rules of thes e gun control laws. There are a lot of regulations being set up and still are being made to â€Å"keep us

Achilles and Odyssey Compare and Contrast Essay - 1625 Words

Larger-Than-Life Heroes: Achilles and Odysseus What are the main characteristics of a larger-than-life epic hero? An epic hero is a brave and powerful warrior who is motivated to fight both internal and external conflicts to achieve glory and ranks above a normal man. In Homer’s epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey, Achilles and Odysseus are the well-known heroes. Achilles fights Hektor outside the walls of Troy because Hektor killed his best friend, Patroclus. After fighting in the Trojan War, Odysseus takes on a journey to return back to Ithaca to see his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telemachus. Through his use of tone, figurative language, mood, and imagery, Homer’s epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey show how Achilles and†¦show more content†¦5. 168-169). Odysseus is depressed because he wants to return to his home in Ithaca and see his wife, Penelope, and son, Telemachus, after fighting in the Trojan War. He feels as if his life is transitioning from sweet to bitter. Homer uses imagery to show how Odysseus is crying for his homeland, Ithaca. It creates a depressing mood for the reader because all Odysseus wants is to see his family and return home after a tiresome war, but has failed. The metaphor of Achilles’ sweet life flowing away demonstrates how his lamentations are characterizing him as homesick and how he might not make it through his journey. Achilles struggles with not having a prize while Agamemnon struggles with not sleeping in his own bed for an extensive time. The difference between the internal conflicts is that Achilles cannot fight in war because Briseis is not with him while Odysseus cannot return home and reunite with his family after fighting in the war. Although they both have concerns for their loved ones, Achilles and Odysseus must set them aside and fight their enemies first. Achilles and Odysseus are both epic heroes because they face their external conflicts or struggles with the world and fight as strong warriors. First, Achilles stabbed Hektor in the neck and then â€Å"†¦had in mind for Hektor’s body outrage and shame. Behind both feet he pierced the tendons, heel to ankle. Rawhide cords he drew through both and lashed them to hisShow MoreRelatedComparison Between The Odyssey And The Iliad1068 Words   |  5 Pages In the novel The Odyssey, the author Homer describes an outcry against death; whereas in the Iliad death is portrayed as an accomplishment., Both were in the times that is also known as Before Common Era, or BCE. It is known that Iliad begins 10 years before the great Seige of Troy and eventually the odyssey had begun a couple years after that(Classical Lit). When Homer had written these novels it is clear that they have numerous lines, and Homer had written both. In the novel The IliadRead MoreIliad - Self image1193 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Iliad Essay Prompt 1. Complete one take home essay. Provide textual evidence, specific lines and incidents from The Iliad that proves your thesis. You may also draw from The Odyssey. Use in text parenthetical documentation according to MLA standards. The style guide that many colleges use is DianaHacker.com. We will use this style guide for both MLA format and grammar and mechanics. If you have any questions about MLA format, refer to DianaHacker.com. This paper needs to read asRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pagesfor making copies; this painting is a copy of the original  [syn: original] 12. atmosphere- the dominant mood or emotional tone of a work of art, as of a play or novel: the chilly atmosphere of a ghost story. 13. antithesis- opposition, or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction. *Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue. Barry Goldwater *Brutus: Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more

Jenifer Cantor Nurse

Question: a) You read about several different cases involving surrogacy. I want you to provide short summaries of 3 of these cases. Summarize the case involving Jennifer Cantor. Next summarize the case involving Dawne Dill. Last, summarize the case involving Cathy Hilling. b) We discussed two different kinds of surrogacy in Week Two. Explain this distinction. Next explain the sort of surrogacy in the case with Jennifer Cantor. Be sure to provide textual evidence to support your view. c) One worry we discussed in our readings on surrogacy involves the worry that surrogacy encourages women to develop a detachment from their babies and this is bad. Summarize this concern. In the Newsweek/Daily Beast article, the sort of issue comes up when the cases of Gernisha Myers and Stephanie Scott are discussed. As such, I want you to summarize the cases involving Gernisha Myers and Stephanie Scott. End by offering your thoughts on the strength of this concern with surrogacy. d) Explain why some people obje ct to surrogacy on the grounds that it leads to the exploitation of women, particularly the poor. This issue is touched on in the New York Times article. Given how surrogacy is currently practiced in the United States, and based what is said in the New York Times article, are poor women exploited as surrogates in the United States? e) At one point in the New York Times article, it mentions a Roman Catholic priest who points out that the Church frowns upon babies produced through surrogacy. However, the New York Times article does not go into much detail explaining the reasons why the priest frowned upon this. Using our readings from Week Two, elaborate on the reasons why the Roman Catholic priest frowned upon surrogacy. The author of the New York Times article, Alex Kuczynski, who is the woman who hired the surrogate Cathy Hilling, makes a short response to the priest. What is her response? Do you think that her response is good? Why or why not? f) One of the major issues in terms o f the moral permissibility of surrogacy involves the issue of whether it involves baby-selling. Using our readings from Week Two, explain both sides of this issue in the case with Jennifer Cantor. Why might someone think that there was no baby-selling involved in the cases with Jennifer Cantor? And explain why someone might think that there was baby-selling involved in the cases with Jennifer Cantor? End by saying if you think baby-selling is or is not involved in surrogacy in the case with Jennifer Cantor. g) End by offering up your own thoughts on the issue of surrogacy. Do you think it is morally permissible or not? Answer: 1. a) Jenifer Cantor is a surgiocgal nurse of Huntsvile, Ala. She is 34 years old and she wants to be pregnant. She has a daughter named Dahlia, 8 yerars old, and has no plan for another child. She had a contract with Kerry Smith and his wife Lisa about her surrogacy. Lisa had hysterectomy at 20-year-old age, therefore could not get a child. On March 20, 2008, Jenifer gave birth to two healthy 6 pound boys, named Ethan and Jonathan. She was paid $20,000 to $25,000. Dane Dill is a 32 year old woman with two sons, English teacher and married to Travis. She is now carrying a surrogate twin for anonymous European couple and the couple. One of the child of Dill is autistic and that is the reason she wants the money, for opening a gym for her son (Kuczynski, 2015). In the case of Cathy Hilling, she was pregnant and gave birth to the child on May 11. She had three healthy children and her husband Mick, who was the vice president of a credit union. Cathy delivered a boy in New jersey last year. The money was needed for helping her sons in college (Kuczynski, 2015). 1. b) There are two types of surrogacy, the genetic surrogacy and gestational surrogacy (Alghrani, 2012). The genetic surrogacy involves the use of one egg from the surrogate and the child have genetic relation with the surrogate, whereas in gestational surrogacy, surrogate does not have relation with child, no egg is used from surrogate. Jenifer Cantor had a surrogacy of gestational type, as no egg was used from her, and the child was not genetically similar to her. 1. c) Surrogacy influences a woman to be detached from the baby. In the case of Gernisha Myers, she was carrying the child of Karin and Lars, when asked about the attachment with the baby, she only said that, she know the baby is not her and she only feels like baby sitter, rather than a mother (com, 2015). In the case of Stephanie Scott, she was deeply attached with the baby, as after birth of the child, she was unable to look at the child, and felt wired, though she was aware of these issues by agency (Newsweek.com, 2015). The agencies tells about the issues regarding the surrogacy contract, but as the mother and child relation is the most beautiful relation in world, detachment with the baby hampers the mental status of the surrogate (Deonandan, Green Van, 2012). 1. d) Surrogacy is becoming an exploitation of specifically poor woman. This is because it is seen in study of Parks (2010) that, poor needy women are exploited by provision of less fee with more labor, which is unethical. Therefore, the third world country people are in danger to be exploited in this issue. 1. e) The Roman Catholic priest frowned upon surrogacy because, the procedure is unacceptable to roman catholic and natural law of consideration, that replaces the natural process of marital intercourse, involving a third party, which is surrogacy (Stearns, 2012). Alex responded shortly to the priest, he misguided her, but she thought child is a gift from god, and surrogacy brought her child, so this is not unethical practice. 1. f) Baby selling issue should be took in concern, it is not permissible, because some people thinks this is a baby selling process for getting money (Jadva et al. 2012). In Jennifer Cantor case, she was not as much attached with the child, and belonged from a well family, and the couple hired her treated good with her after delivery, so baby selling was not involved in this case.g) Learner thinks surrogacy is morally permissible if operated with ethical consideration, as it can bring happiness to an unfertile couple, and sometimes might help a needy woman (Chervenak McCullough, 2011). However, the misuse and exploitation of woman for money is a major topic for dilemma.From the viewpoint of Noonan, it is seen that, he thinks a fetus, after the third trimester have the right to live, and he supports the morale of personhood, which is being subjected to the argument. However, as being a person, fetus has the right to live, however, only if mothers life is at risk, abortion can be per missible, because in that case, it act as self-defense. On the other hand, Thomson thinks that, fetus has a right to live, while it is considered as a person, but for self-defense, it can be aborted. He explained her argument with three analogies, first, child growing in a house, supporting abortion for self-defense of mother, second, people seed analogy and the third one is Volinist analogy, supporting the fact of contraception failure and rape cases. In this cases, abortion cases are valid as it is against ones wish. Abortion is permissible in the cases of rape or risk of mothers, because it is related to human ethics and norms of society, but in contraception failure cases, abortion should not be permissible, in this case mother is previously known to the effects of sexual relationship, and a fetus having the right of life cannot be aborted only for one does not want to have it. Therefore, view of Thomson is stronger (Bailey, 2012). 1. b) In case 1, some babies having club feet, cleft lips and webbed fingers were aborted in England, which became a major public concern in 2003, when Jonna Jepson challenged Wst Merica police for not taking steps against doctors who did abortions, challenge failed. A question rose against the law, supporting rejection of fetus having minor disabilities. Club feet is a condition foot when sole is not placed in flat ground. It is a condition having cleft on lips, includes feeding problem, opening of mouth is in nose. The case 3 discusses the chances of abortion after knowing the fetus having Down syndrome. Sarah is an eleven years old girl having down syndrome and took [art in the campaign of hospital. The presidents supported their survival. Doctors recommend different tests for parents choice. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder, having third copy of 21 chromosomes, generally has mental disorders. Marquis view suggests that, the view fetus having FLO, killing a fetus is wrong, as the fetus is deprived of future value (Kaczor, 2011). One can use Marquis view that a fetus has FLO, that is why it should not be killed, which supports that abortion is not permissible, on the other hand, Marquis view for pro-choice, is if an woman is forced to be pregnant, and in first stage of pregnancy, fetus is not feeling pain, so, abortion is ok. Finally, Marquis position, abortion is not ok in these cases. 1. c) From the article, it is seen that, a woman becoming pregnant at college age, gets no support from education or social background, she is suggested to go through abortion. Educational system bears for abortion, but not for giving birth to her child. Forster think abortion is a rarely free choice because most of the time woman are forced to be aborted, because of lack of support, society thinks the baby can ruin her life, she have to sacrifice educational, personal and professional life for the baby (Merino, 2012). Foster claimed, abortion have the ability to harm an woman by introducing infertility, breast cancer, further miscarriages and death also. It also affects the mental status of an woman. One should listen to a woman for reason of abortion, and then with a framework one should attempt to eliminate the major cause of abortion. Women should be engaged in education, technology, health care or business. Pregnancy care centers should highlight life-affirming choices (Karnein, 2012). References Alghrani, A. (2012). Surrogacy: 'A Cautionary Tale': Re T (a child) (surrogacy: residence order) (Fam). Medical Law Review, 20(4), 631-641. doi:10.1093/medlaw/fws032 Bailey, J. (2012).Abortion. New York: Rosen Central. Chervenak, F., McCullough, L. (2011). Respect for the autonomy of the pregnant woman in surrogacy agreements: An elaboration of a fundamental ethical concern. Women's Health Issues, 1(3), 143-144. doi:10.1016/s1049-3867(05)80119-7 Deonandan, R., Green, S., van Beinum, A. (2012). Ethical concerns for maternal surrogacy and reproductive tourism. Journal Of Medical Ethics, 38(12), 742-745. doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100551 Jadva, V., Blake, L., Casey, P., Golombok, S. (2012). Surrogacy families 10 years on: relationship with the surrogate, decisions over disclosure and children's understanding of their surrogacy origins. Human Reproduction, 27(10), 3008-3014. doi:10.1093/humrep/des273 Kaczor, C.(2011).The ethics of abortion. Karnein, A. (2012).A theory of unborn life. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kuczynski, A. (2015). Her Body, My Baby ae My Adventures With a Surrogate Mom. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 11 September 2015, from https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/magazine/30Surrogate-t.html?__r=0 Merino, N. (2012).Abortion. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. Newsweek.com. (2015). Retrieved 11 September 2015, from https://www.newsweek.com/curious-lives-surrogates-84469 Parks, J. (2010). Care Ethics And The Global Practice Of Commercial SURROGACY. Bioethics, 24(7), 333-340. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01831.x Stearns, C. (2012). The Social Relations of Surrogacy. Symbolic Interaction, 35(1), 101-103. doi:10.1002/symb.8

The Concept of String Theory

String theory is a concept developed by physicists trying to explain the fundamental nature of matter and space. The concept has various interpretations, but has the ability to explain the phenomenon of existence. Since the most fundamental particles do not exhibit the properties of matter that bigger objects have, some scientists consider them non-dimensional (Van Proeyen 12).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of String Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This means they do not have width, length or depth. General relativity holds that all matter and space exists in four dimensions. Depth, width, and length of all matter and space exist through time (Kane 46). This means that time is the fourth dimension. Distortion of time results in distortion of the other three dimensions, which are the dimensions of space. This is quite different from Newtonian physics, which does not consider time a dimension. However, practical science is based on Newtonian physics. Although the theories of relativity are not applicable in practical science to a satisfactory extent, they are accepted as the true explanations of the phenomenon of existence (Zwiebach 16). The effort to understand the seemingly dimensionless nature of fundamental particles and the four dimensional nature of matter and space in one theory has led to development of string theory. According to string theory, there are other more fundamental dimensions contained in the four dimensions of physical existence that are normally experienced. The additional dimensions add to the four known dimensions to make eleven-dimensional world (Van Proeyen 41). Compression of these dimensions into the fabric of universal existence makes them undetectable by any physical means. However, several mathematical models have been used to prove their existence and the nature of their interaction. The string theory explains the manner in which the one- dimensional basic particles interact to result into a four dimensional existence. Matter, space, and time are a yield of this interaction. Fundamental particles are made up of one-dimensional strings, which interact with unidirectional membranes to create a particle (Zwiebach 18). Gravitational force, a phenomenon that has not yet been understood by scientists is explained as a product of string interaction. Scientists have already developed a mathematical form for gravity. The wave nature of matter is a part of the theory explaining how the fundamental particles exist. One certain kind of wave motion is responsible for all behaviors of matter and space. The string theory is the only theory that offers a single explanation to the nature of matter and space. However, since the theory proposes the existence of dimensions that cannot be physically assessed, it is not possible to test its integrity.Advertising Looking for essay on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other challenging theories have endured criticism to emerge as possible alternatives to the string theory since they can be tested, and have an observable fundamental constant. Advocates of the string theory believe that a universal constant exists within the string theory, but a mathematical proof has not been developed yet (Zwiebach 22). This constant and a testing mechanism for the string theory are the only remaining constituents that can establish the theory as a proven fact. The nine-dimensional vibration of each string is unique and yields the properties of fundamental particles. The ends of a single cosmic string are joined such that an indefinite loop is formed. Forces of interaction attract the string towards the centre of the loop (Van Proeyen 45). This action is responsible for the appearance of fundamental particles as singular points with no dimensions at all. The dimensions of the physical world are fixed in certain d irections according to Newtonian physics. In string theory, dimensions are mathematical representations with no directional properties of the three spatial dimensions. Moreover, these dimensions are compressed into a manifold such that they are not testable by any physical means (Zwiebach 30). This is attributed to the infinitesimal distances that represent the particular dimensions. Since mathematics is largely based on spatial dimensions, there is no method to test the presence of cosmic strings within the current mathematical scope. Several propositions assume that the invisible dimensions are responsible for the unexplained forces that are observed in nature. Electromagnetic wave is assumed to be made up of a certain combinations of the dimensions. Gravity, a force whose presence is established by empirical evidence only, is also considered a product of the additional dimensions (Van Proeyen 15). This is why gravitational force and its characteristics such as inertia do not seem to emanate from any one physical location. The string theory presents a single explanation for existence of all matter and space. Through the string theory, it is possible to understand the relation between space and time. The relative relationship that makes time similar to space can be understood through string theory. The small dimensions of the strings make it impossible to investigate the pattern in which they are woven together (Van Proeyen 7). If a definite pattern in which the strings are woven is identified, it is possible to understand the construction of forces and the difference between various forces. However, the ability to understand the fundamental constituents of time and force can discredit all conventional physics, as it is understood today (Zwiebach 74). Such knowledge could also result in breakdown of phenomena such as the construction of time towards the future.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of String Theory specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Kane, G. L.. Perspectives on supersymmetry II. Singapore: World Scientific, 2010. Print. Van Proeyen, Antoine. â€Å"A First Course in String Theory.† Intensive Theoretical Studies 5.3 (2008): 5-60. Print. Zwiebach, Barton. A first course in string theory. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Print. This essay on The Concept of String Theory was written and submitted by user Andrew Marks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.